Salmonella gallinarum causes fowl typhoid, an acute septicaemic disease of poultry characterised by anorexia, diarrhoea, dehydration, weakness and death, and is primarily seen in mature birds. Pullorum disease is primarily a septicaemic disease of young chickens with very high mortality rates and is caused by Salmonella pullorum. It can be spread by direct or indirect contact with infected birds and also spreads from one generation to the next via egg transmission. Both are notifiable diseases but neither are currently present in Ireland.